The HbA1c value is a long-term blood sugar, with the average blood sugar level of the last six to ten weeks to be determined. This is about the proportion of red blood pigment (hemoglobin), which is linked to glucose. The HbA1c value is expressed as a percentage.
Glycated hemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin used primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time. It is formed in a non-enzymatic pathway by hemoglobin’s normal exposure to high plasma levels of glucose. Glycation of hemoglobin has been associated with cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and retinopathy in diabetes mellitus. Monitoring the HbA1c in type-1 diabetic patients may improve treatment.
The more glucose in the blood, the more hemoglobin is saccharified. It initially produces an unstable intermediate that is converted after a few hours in an irreversible end product. Short-term blood sugar peaks are formed in HbA1c from so little.
In healthy individuals, the value is about 4-6%. Because the reference ranges for HbA1c Laboratory distinguish laboratory must be specified with the value and the respective normal range of the laboratory. In the diabetes therapy is the goal of achieving an HbA1c value that is close to the normal range as possible, as there might be a reasonable protection against damage.
The proportion of the total hemoglobin A1c in diabetes mellitus infected persons were studied to monitor the treatment success.
To standardize the measurement worldwide, has a working group of the IFCC (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine), the HbA1c as the product of a stable linkage of glucose to the N-terminal valine of the beta chain of hemoglobin is defined, which expires in nascent unit was%, which is by recommendation of the IFCC mmol imported, international unit / mol and corresponds to the parts per thousand. The new standard will range from 29 to 42 mmol / mol.
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